Strategic Evaluation of South West Airlines The WritePass Journal

Vital Evaluation of South West Airlines Presentation Vital Evaluation of South West Airlines ). The world of politics in the US has been negative for Southwest Airlines throughout the years because of solid campaigning in congress by supporters of adversary carriers against the company’s interests. In any case, Southwest Airlines has on various events won fights in court against rivals in the US courts. A significant political factor influencing the Southwest Airlines methodology is fear mongering. During the most recent decade, the danger of psychological warfare in regular citizen airplanes has negatively affected carrier industry in that it has expanded the air terminal expenses brought about because of extra safety efforts. Monetary components Airplane gets its fuel from oil; in this manner an ascent in the cost of oil has a significant effect upon Southwest Airlines’ gainfulness travel (Thompson and Gamble, 2012). The future patterns of oil costs are exceptionally capricious because of the political changes happening inside the Middle-East district, particularly the relations among US and Iran. Then again, the downturn in 2008 has had an ideal effect upon Southwest’s tasks. In spite of the fact that the client interest for air make a trip diminished because of cuts in close to home and costs of doing business over the US, the purchaser interest for low-tolls no nonsense Southwest Airline experienced a development because of a move in consumers’ inclinations towards less expensive, no-ornamentation carriers (Southwest, 2010). Concerning fiscal issues, since Southwest Airline works just inside US, consequently cash variances don't affect Southwest Airlines’ tasks. Social Factors Not at all like other low-toll and no-ornament aircrafts in the Europe, Southwest Airline has a solid duty towards client care. The aircraft has consistently embraced a client driven methodology for its administration and showcasing exercises (Campbell, 2010). Its client administrations work force are generally energized after going a stage forward in assuaging clients through bizarre strategies. Their endeavors are remunerated through acknowledgment and compensates, and are not rebuffed for actualizing their decision making ability (Thompson and Gamble, 2012). Innovative variables Mechanical improvements have both made new open doors just as dangers for Southwest Airlines. The development of remotely coordinating and vigorous correspondence other the web has furnished organizations with an option for visit voyaging. Then again, innovation has likewise furnished carrier industry with the chance to grow their effort legitimately to purchasers through web based business destinations. In reality Southwest Airlines was the main carrier organization to present ticketless travel and permits clients to reserve a spot online through its web based business site (Thompson and Gamble, 2012). Porter’s Five Forces Model To dissect the working condition of Southwest Airlines and assess the idea of the opposition Southwest Airline faces, a Porters Five Forces examination will be utilized, made by Porter E.M educator at Harvard University Business School. The five powers are as per the following: The bartering intensity of providers is high in the carrier business. For instance fuel is a significant contribution to an aircraft organization (it represents 40% of every single working cost) (Thompson and Gamble, 2012), and the organizations which give fuel will in general be huge, and henceforth have massive dealing power. Their bartering power is additionally upgraded because of the nonattendance of any practical fuel elective. In this way charging an exceptional cost by oil organizations is just common. Another reason for worry for the carrier business is the bartering intensity of airplane providers. The airplane producing organizations have an imposing business model as just two organizations exist in the business to be specific Airbus and Boeing. Dealing influence of purchasers is additionally high as the clients of carrier industry are continually searching for elective air make a trip organizations to get best an incentive for their cash. Furthermore, numerous other full assistance aircrafts are thinking about embracing an ease model for shorter courses without any ruffles, in this manner expanding decisions for clients (Mouawad, 2010). Serious Rivalry: Southwest Airlines’ nitty gritty model is been generally sought after by different long stretch, full-administration aircrafts inside US. In this manner, the carriers business is profoundly serious for Southwest Airline. Section Barriers; There are high boundaries to enter the aircraft business as it requires an enormous starting capital venture. Moreover, the carrier business is confronted with expanded rivalry and is not, at this point as worthwhile as before related to the value wars, along these lines making endurance hard for new participants. Substitutes: Although clients can change to go through train, mentors and vehicles, such travel modes are considered as awkward and the cost advantage is neither excessively significant. Accordingly, the danger of substitute is extremely low. Inner Analysis The asset base perspective on methodology underlines upon a company’s interior abilities in figuring methodologies to accomplish a reasonable upper hand in its market (Prahalad and Hamel, 1990). It manages the serious condition looked by an association through a back to front methodology. Coming up next are Southwest’s inner assets. The Combative and Can-do Culture at South West Southwest Airline has a solid contentious can-do demeanor imbued in its corporate culture. The company’s legitimate battle in its early stages created a solid ‘esprit de corps’ among the company’s representatives. With the media announcing Southwest Airlines challenges, the company’s workers were plainly mindful of the way that the carriers presence was on the line. As per Colleen Barrett, the difficulties looked by Southwest Airlines because of savage foes by adversaries and neighborhood authorities were instrumental in building the enthusiasm of Southwest workers and imbuing a contentious, can-do soul in the corporate culture (Thompson and Gamble, 2012). Southwest’s Leadership and Management One of the most praised pioneers of the organization was Herb Kelleher, under whose initiative the organization thrived for very nearly four decades, including its developmental battles. Kelleher wanted to do a great part of the administration from outside the workplace while being among the staff individuals. He was a decent audience, and an advocate of direct perception. He generally supported his staff members in playing out their obligations. He went to the majority of the graduation functions of his airline stewards classes and even helped load sacks on ‘Black Fridays’. He was exceptionally aggressive and had an ostentatious way of life; the two of which were reflected in the company’s activities and the executives. Shockingly, Kelleher was a disciple of conservatism when it went to the money related side of the business (Thompson and Gamble, 2012). Much was the future administration of the organization was straightforwardly coached by Kelleher himself.â For example, James parker (CEO 2001 †2004) was related with Kelleher with over 23 years. Kelleher and Parker were considered to think a lot of the same. Additionally, Colleen Barrette (President 2001 †2008) was likewise connected with Kelleher and the organization for over two decades. Both these official likewise followed Kelleher strides in investing the vast majority of their energy in culture building, assurance building and client care. Gerry Kelly (CEO 2004 †Onwards) further propelled the corporate culture by through an unflinching concentration upon triple primary concern of Performance, People, and Planet (Thompson and Gamble, 2012). Human Resource Management Herb Kelleher was a solid devotee to the rule that if an organization keeps its workers cheerful, its representatives will consequently keep its client glad. In this way, he battled that the workers not the clients started things out. Kelleher knew a great many representatives by their name. Similarly, Colleen Barrette, put a lot of endeavors in making a family like air inside the organization and set forth a system of contacts to keep in contact with every worker (Baum, 2006). The company’s corporate culture treats its representatives like a family, demanding their significant commitment towards having a fulfilled customer base. It sees its workers as the ‘creators’ of the organization. The organization has a solid ethos of tuning in to its workers thoughts, and doesn't have faith in compelling their reasoning. The organization additionally demands recruiting just the individuals who share indistinguishable qualities from its corporate culture and doesn't lay off any of its workers (Thompson and Gamble, 2012) Southwest Airlines Strategy Southwest has sought after a minimal effort, low-value, no nonsense, technique from the very beginning. It made air head out moderate to the mass American populace. Southwest development ticket buy prerequisites are more merciful than rivals and the organization offers profound limits for certain seats bought through its site. The organization offers ‘Business Select’ passages for economy disapproved of business voyagers. This admission offers early boarding benefits to travelers alongside additional Rapid Rewards (Anthony, 2011). Regardless of a large number of its opponents charging extra for add on administrations, such as processing sacks, in-flight snacks, purchasing a ticket face to face from air terminal, expenses for evolving reservations, and so forth., Southwest demands a comprehensive least fare.â Its idea of cost versatility that is, the disintegration of net revenues through contribution most reduced passages in more than remunerated by expands deals volumes is demonstrated to be valid for a large portion of its business sectors. Southwest’s point to point course framework additionally limits associations, deferrals and all out excursion time. Its accentuation on direct trips between pair of urban communities permits 75 % of its travelers to fly constant to their goal. (Thompson and Gamble, 2012; Anthony, 2011) Vital Options In view of the previously mentioned outside and inside investigation of Southwest

Research methodology.research methods Dissertation

Research methodology.research strategies - Dissertation Example There are various styles of research which are practically speaking, including the report study which is exploratory one, the survey study which is investigative and the meeting study which depends on hypothetical perceptions. Archive study is tied in with gathering realities, while meeting and poll strategies are to comprehend individuals’ recognitions in the spellbinding and hypothetical way (Bell, 2010). Meeting research utilizes non-numerical and unstructured information, more than this, it has inquire about inquiries which are increasingly broad toward the beginning, and get explicit as the examination advances (Teddlie, 2009). This part presents three techniques for inquire about; the meeting, the survey, and the report investigate strategies. Besides, the qualities and shortcomings of every one of the strategy will be featured. The section additionally examines the moral implicit rules of the investigation. Presenting the Research Methods (Interview, Document and Questi onnaire) Document Method (Strengths and Weaknesses) First strategy is the record explore which depends on examination of essential and auxiliary archives. The essential archives may incorporate the exploratory information, for example, responses’ information of a specific organization or association. Optional records may incorporate books, periodicals, diary articles and insightful digests which help the scientist to gather auxiliary hypothetical data on the investigation (Johnson and Christensen, 2010). There are two principle wellsprings of information assortment in record inquire about: optional and essential reports (Guest, 2011). Further, the record look into applies two methodologies: source-situated archive research and issue arranged report explore. The source-arranged research implies assortment of the auxiliary records which is to fabricate the ground of the examination - the subject. Then again, issue arranged research alludes to assortment of the essential reports which point is to recognize the issue, goal and reason for look into (Johnson and Christensen, 2010). One shortcomings of report explore is that it involves an enormous arrangement of information from records, which should be sifted through for directing the examination. Separated that, archive technique applies to the HRM emotional examinations and subsequently gives the motivation to the specialist to get it adjusted for its exploration (Teddlie, 2009). The Questionnaire Method (Strengths and Weaknesses) The subsequent normal research technique is the survey which depends on a structured arrangement of shut finished inquiries (Griffith and Layne, 1999). The specialists needed to have a specific point before they apply the poll strategy. As the strategy requires certain goals, they limit the technique with its motivation of use. In addition, as the survey is planned based on close-finished inquiries, it can't create the successful graphic data on the investigation which is the mos t fundamental to direct an examination. The reactions gathered through survey are fixed and not transforming, they are increasingly explicit and less point by point (Griffith and Layne, 1999). Understanding and discoveries in survey are completely founded on measurable elaboration. The more powerful the measurable examination of the investigation is, the more valuable and successful the data will be in the poll to get utilized as discoveries or understanding. The Interview Method (Strengths and Weaknesses) The third versatile strategy is the meeting, which depends on arrangement of topical inquiries and inquiries to be conveyed on interviewees for topical answers. The meeting is in a manner like poll strategy, as it subtleties questions; yet at the same time it varies as it brings engaging data from the respondents (Griffith and Layne, 1999). The meeting rule dependent on a lot of topical inquiries can create gainful data for look into. It can bring changing view of people and furth ermore changing assessments of respondents on a specific subject or topic, which a poll can't do (Griffith and Layne

Essay Writing For Photography

Essay Writing For PhotographyWhat exactly is an essay and why is it so important in photography? Photography is a form of art. The photographic medium has been around for thousands of years. Yet, what most people are interested in is how a photograph comes to be or the elements that have come together to produce it.With regards to photography, the visual aspects are just one of the many elements that make this photographic, artistic medium so fascinating. Most photographs are taken without an audience and there is no prior art planning. All you have to do is remember your childhood and all the beautiful memories you have with your parents, grandparents, friends, or pets.And how do you decide on your subject matter? When I was younger I always thought my photo shoot subjects were just common and ordinary. They were generally people walking down the street and a car driving by. But, as I got older, I began to recognize that all the people on the street, the cars and children, were extr emely ordinary and did not require any special attention to give them a look of life, a 'mood' and personality.That is when I started to think about myself and the photographs I took and what I remembered about them. I realized that in order to tell a story in my own personal photography essay writing, I needed to develop the skills I had developed while photographing my family and friends. I would be better off understanding that when I was actually shooting the events in my mind.Now, I understand that a photographic essay is a very challenging task for any writer. And, like any other difficult activity, there is an element of fun that comes with the task. However, it is important to know that unless you develop your skills, then you will not be able to write a truly successful photography essay. Therefore, if you are looking for fun or entertainment, then the best idea isto pursue other endeavors, or even move on to another hobby or pastime.However, if you want to take the challen ge seriously, then you should turn to an essay writing service. A professional, experienced, essay writing service is a great resource because they have the expertise and skill necessary to write the best photography essay. As a professional, they will have a wealth of knowledge to help you with your subject matter. They can work with you to hone your skills in writing and editing your photographic essay so that you are writing about the photos that were truly meant to be written about.As with any other writing project, essay writing is an art and a part of the photographic essay writing process is deciding on a subject matter. The concept of the photography essay writing process, in most cases, is to research your subject matter and then write about the subjects and events that you have found interesting. In some cases, the focus may be more on documenting a specific event or photograph, rather than trying to write about it.Finally, in the end, it is important to remember that phot ography is an art form and can be used to make more than one photographic or visual essay. By choosing a professional, experienced essay writing service, you can be assured that the written works will be passed on to many readers throughout the world, many of whom will be photographers, artists, and visual thinkers themselves.

Conflict Stress Management - 4611 Words

1.0 INTRODUCTION Stress and conflict are two major issues any organisation faces. They are inevitable in all facets of life, be individual or organisational. If not handled well they can be a hindrance for the company performance. Conflict and stress both varies according to the organisation and its culture. But both need to be managed well to avoid unnecessary problems. Conflict is a perception. Surveys show that employees spend as much as 42% of their time engaging in or attempting to resolve conflicts and 20% of managers’ time is taken up by conflict related issues (Gupta, Boyd, Kuzmits, 2011). This valuable time can be utilised in making the organisation a more efficient and an effective one. Organisations which fail to address†¦show more content†¦amp; Vohra N., 2011:441). It is that point in an ongoing activity when an interaction crosses over to become an interparty conflict. Conflict can be seen as good and bad with corresponding positive and negative outcomes where this would all depend on how one views conflict. There are three basics views of conflict. These are the Traditional view, the Interactionist view and Managed conflict view. The traditional view sees conflict as bad and something that must be eliminated through the use of authority. Poor communication, lack of openness and failure to respond to employee needs could be seen as few of the causes. The interactionist view is that conflict is desirable, necessary for high performance teams and should be encouraged. The contemporary view is that conflict is inevitable and it may be positive or negative but it must be managed to be beneficial. Nippon Lanka follows a more interactionist view where conflict is encouraged and the company is of the view that a perfectly cooperative, harmonious group would hinder dynamism, creativity and innovation where a minimal level of conflict is needed to prevent a lacklustre, uninterested attitude among the group. As mentioned earlier, not all conflicts are good, and this view only supports functionalShow MoreRelatedConflict Management and Stress Management: How to Handle Them as an Administrator988 Words   |  4 PagesConflict management and stress management: How to handle them as an administrator Although conflict management and stress management are two distinct topics, they are interrelated. A conflict-ridden workforce can be extremely stressful, and high levels of stress can produce conflict. Both need to be managed for the workplace to function in an effective manner. From an administrators point of view, certain structural reforms can make conflict easier to deal with. Having specific personnel inRead MoreSolving The Workplace After Conflict Management Training1735 Words   |  7 PagesAbstract Conflict is an unavoidable part of life and health care is not excluded. The manner in which conflict is resolved has a major impact in the workplace, be it favorable or unfavorable. Conflict can arise at many professional levels in health care from the nursing staff to the physician. Conflict also comes in many forms within the health care system. Stress, personal differences, scarce resources and staffing, and also burnout can lead to conflict in health care (Pavlakis, Kaitelidou,Read MoreConflict Between Conflict And Conflict Management1313 Words   |  6 PagesConflict and conflict management both play pivotal roles in all relationships, whether they are between friends, family, lovers, or coworkers. However, while most relationships have an abundance of conflict, the amount of properly implemented conflict management in all relationships is relatively low. This is especially surprising when you consider the sheer amount of research and counseling directed at managing confli ct in constructive ways. Though the aforementioned services and research are ofRead MoreDuring Edps 315, I Have Found Three Lessons That Are Most1729 Words   |  7 PagesDuring EDPS 315, I have found three lessons that are most relevant to me, based on my predicted future career. The first lesson was the topic of motivation. Secondly, I chose to pick emotional regulation and stress management. The last lesson I chose was cultural diversity at the workplace. Since these topics are all very important in STEM majors, especially engineering, I optimistically went on to preparing the interview. These lessons became the fuel for interview questions that I would ask theRead MoreConflict Between Conflict And Conflict1700 Words   |  7 Pagesno single, precise definition of the word conflict. 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When things get out of proportion, the sports psychologistRead MoreConflict1233 Words   |  5 PagesConflict and negotiation in the workplace Conflict occurs with two or more people who, despite their first attempts at agreement, do not yet have agreement on a course of action, usually because their values, perspectives and opinions are contradictory in nature. Conflict can occur: 1. Within yourself when you are not living according to your values. 2. When your values and perspectives are threatened. 3. When there is discomfort from fear of the unknown or from lack of fulfillmentRead MoreDefine Functional Versus Dysfunctional Conflict in a Work Group and Explain How You Can Increase Functional Conflict and Decrease Dysfunctional Conflict.1426 Words   |  6 PagesConflict arises when there is some indifference among two parties. In any working group conflict is almost unavoidable. When most people hear the word conflict, they often tend to take the term in negative manner. 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It is important that we, as Human Resource administrators understand that our schools are comprised of employees representing different cultures, backgrounds, races and religious beliefs. We must ensure that we adopt and practice modes of communication that are conducive to the promotion of great teamwork. Conflict can arise from any one or more general sources in the workplace (McShane Von Glinow, 2003). Conflict as it arises should be addressed

HIV Infections in African American Males Essay - 1436 Words

HIV infections in African American Males have been a national growing problem since the early 1990’s. According to CDC, in the United States, there are more than 1 million people living with HIV. 48 percent are afro American males between the ages 13-44(CDC, 2007). It is estimated that around 1 million people in the United States will be diagnose with HIV in the up coming year with the lifetime risk of becoming infected is 1 in 16 for black males (CDC,2007). However, there is growing concern about the disproportionate increase of HIV among adolescent African American males ages 13-19. These adolescent males count for 37 percent of the cases, which double their representation in their general population. Although, Poverty is a major†¦show more content†¦Since the Trans-theoretical model framework is one of the leading intervention for behavior change (Hayden, 2009, p65). To better motivate behavior change towards condom use, a school wide Condom Education Program can be useful when tailoring a group’s intervention that will meet the target population stage of readiness to change regardless of the behavior of focus. The North Carolina Healthy Living Standard Course of study has objectives for growth and development, puberty education, sex education and prevention. Any African American male attending these schools has been educated about HIV causes and prevention. Since, they know the benefits of using condom as a protection and even considering changing. To better approach their behavior change toward condom use, the four most useful constructs are contemplation, preparation, action and self-efficacy. Although, (NIH, 2007) reports that condoms have reduce HIV Transmission by 87-95 percent. To get these African American male students from seeing it to exploring condom use as an option or a benefit is contemplation. 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Indeed theyRead MoreHIV and African Americans Essay1578 Words   |  7 Pagescommonly known as (HIV), which is a virus that attacks the immune system of humans by destroying the amount of CD4 cells in their bodies. Without CD4 the human body is unable to fight against diseases, which can lead to Acquired Immune deficiency syndrome known as AIDS for short. The first case of the HIV/AIDS virus in the U.S. occurred in the early 1980’s. The first spark of the virus was found in San Francisco with couple of homosexual Caucasian American males. Today African Americans account for theRead MoreThe Prevention Of Hiv Prevention945 Words    |  4 PagesHIV Prevention There are several ways you can protect yourself and your partner(s) from HIV. Using a condom the correct way and every time you engage in sex, but not everybody uses the methods. If your partner is HIV positive, but you’re negative, then talk to your doctor about taking pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP). 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Gay or bisexual men increase their chance of being exposed to the virus if they have had anal sex without a condom, been diagnosed with an STD during the past 6 months or are in a relationship with an HIV-positive partner. The 2014 HIV in the United States: At A Glance report states, â€Å"†¦ an estimated 44,073 people were diagnosed with HIV infection in the UnitedRead MoreAfrican Americans With Hiv ( Hiv )1462 Words   |  6 PagesAfrican Americans with HIV HIV (human immunodeficiency virus) is viral infection that weakens the immune system of the body and eventually causes AIDS (acquired immune deficiency syndrome) the last stage of the disease where a person can die. The virus has plagued the African American communities and continues to disproportionately impact the black race more than any other racial or ethnical group. 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The Second Anxiety Disorder ( Ocd ) Essay - 1594 Words

The third anxiety disorder, anxiety neurosis, is often linked with panic disorder or phobias. Sometimes, a person’s reaction to stress can be so severe that they are incapacitated or immobilized by the anxiety. This is called anxiety neurosis. Anyone affected by this is unable to distinguish between threatening and nonthreatening situations, and thus responds irrationally and in extreme ways, or are completely debilitated (â€Å"Anxiety† par. 53). Other disorders linked with stress and anxiety include obsessive compulsive disorder (OCD), dissociative disorder, panic disorder, and depression (Evans 192). Depression is a significant problem for teenagers with any type of anxiety disorder. A fourth of all people will struggle with anxiety, depression, or bipolar disorder at some point in their life, but 70% of the time, a teenager with anxiety will also have depression (Amen 97). Even for people who are not diagnosed with any type of mental disorder, â€Å"31 percent of teens report feeling overwhelmed as a result of stress, 30 percent say that they feel sad or depressed as a result of stress, and 36 percent report feeling tired or fatigued because of stress† (Gregoire par. 6). Excluding mental disorders, stress can cause behavioral problems in general. Teens often react to stress through anger, disillusionment, distrust, low self-esteem, stomachaches, headaches, panic attacks, or rebellion (Romito par. 3). Other signs of stress include aggression, cooperation, tantrums, and withdrawalShow MoreRelatedThe Psychology Of Obsessive Compulsive Disorder Essay1146 Words   |  5 PagesObsessive-Compulsive Disorder Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder, also known as OCD, is a disorder that affects about two to three percent of the population (UOCD). Knowing what OCD is and who it affects is just step one in understanding the psychology of this disorder. 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Rather than a false self-diagnosis, if a person believes he or she is suffering from this disorder, he or she should seek out medical attention to receive a proper diagnosis. On top of this, it is beneficial to b ecome educated to get a further understanding of this condition. OCD is a disorder that can beRead MoreHaving Intrusive Thoughts That You Just Seem To Not Be1685 Words   |  7 Pagesabnormal. This does not necessarily mean you have OCD, the disorder OCD is often overused and unnecessary unless diagnosed by a licensed professional. The turning point from normal to abnormal is when these thoughts cause distress and disruptive in that person’s life. There are many different ways OCD can manifest and OCD can be very difficult to deal with, but luckily there are various options for treatment. Clinically, obsessive compulsive disorder (OCD) is when unwanted thoughts, images, or urgesRead MoreImplications Of Obsessive Compulsive Disorder1301 Words   |  6 PagesImplications of Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder in Learning and Memory Elsa Mahle The Lawrenceville SchoolImplications of Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder in Learning and Memory Obsessive-compulsive disorder, as defined by Psychology Today, is â€Å"an anxiety disorder in which people have undated and repeated thoughts, feelings, ideas, sensations (obsessions), or behavior that make them feel driven to do something (compulsions).† OCD has implications on everyday life for people struggling with the diseaseRead More The Diagnosis and Treatment of Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder1281 Words   |  6 PagesObsessive-Compulsive Disorder There are many factors to consider in the evaluation and treatment of Obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD). This paper will discuss the strategies that have proven most effective in treating the disorder, including: drug therapy, cognitive therapy, and family-based therapy. It will focus on the benefits of flexibility, emphasizing combination therapy, especially with cognitive-behavioral therapy (CBT).   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) has become an increasinglyRead More As Good As It Gets?: An Examination Of The Mechanism And Mode Of Treatment Of Obsessive-Compulsive1283 Words   |  6 PagesOf The Mechanism And Mode Of Treatment Of Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder Obsessive-compulsive disorder, often referred to as simply OCD, is a mental illness in which an individual experiences endless cycles of repeated thoughts and rituals, known as obsessions and compulsions, which she feels she cannot control (1). Although many people possess habits and routines that help them organize their every day schedules, people with OCD form patterns of behavior that are extremely time-consuming andRead MoreObsessive Compulsive Disorder ( Ocd )1224 Words   |  5 Pagesthorough understanding of the effects Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder, otherwise known as OCD, has on an individual. The paper will explain and interpret the link between obsession and compulsion that is characteristic of being diagnosed with OCD. In addition, this paper will describe the impact having this disorder can have on an individual in their day to day lives. This paper will clearly articulate exactly what the definition of having OCD is and how often it is self-diagnosed in error. In addi tionRead MoreObsessive Compulsive Disorder ( Ocd )1679 Words   |  7 Pagesnot abnormal. Many people believe they have obsessive-compulsive disorder because of symptoms they may share with the disorder. But more and more often, this disorder is being overused and misdiagnosed unnecessarily. The turning point that changes from normal to abnormal is when these thoughts cause distress and disruption in that person’s life for a substantial period of time. Obsessive- compulsive disorder is a very common disorder that manifests in many different ways and it can be very burdensome

Accounting Theory Theoretical Framework

Question: Discuss about theAccounting Theoryfor Theoretical Framework. Answer: Introduction and the Theoretical Framework Positive accounting research is the branch of accounting research which deals with the actual practices which are applied in the field of accounting. This explains the actual situations in accounting and is in contrast to the concept of normative accounting research under which the most optimal methods of accounting practices are suggested which should ideally be adopted in various circumstances. The positive accounting theory has been propounded by Ross L. Watts and Jerold L. Zimmerman from the University of Rochester. This theory tries to explain the events taking place in the real world situations and makes an attempt to convert them into the accounting transactions. It specifies what actions the accounting firms will take in certain pre identified situations and the reactions of various stakeholders associated with the firms after such a step. The intention of the firms is to maximize the chances of their survival within the industry and thus they make every effort to conduct the ir operations in the most efficient manner. The firms also try to adopt such policies which minimize their cost of operation so as to increase their profitability in the long run. This sometimes leads to the problem of opportunistic behavior under which the management may try to fulfill their own personal interests keeping at stake the objectives of the overall organization. In order to achieve the objectives of positive accounting theory, various methods can be adopted. This includes a change in the overall accounting policies being followed in the firm, managing the accruals effectively; keeping the knowledge up to date about the various changes taking place in the field of finance and accounting and timely implementation of various new accounting standards that are introduced by the accounting board. Methods that help in reducing the overall costs of operation should be adopted to increase the profits of the firm. Also the method of accounting adopted by the firm must be flexible enough to be altered in accordance with the needs of the situation. Aim Behind the Critique The aim behind this critique is to examine the various methods of positive accounting research through the study of an assigned article. This paper is a critical analysis of the article titled Half a Defence of Positive Accounting Research written by Paul V Dunmore from the University of Massey, Wellington, New Zealand which is mainly centered on the concept of Positive Accounting Theory or PAT. The research paper broadly discusses the practice of positive accounting research and considers some of the parts of this research to be a part of the overall scientific research projects which are mostly based on the establishment of cause and effect relationships between the various elements in the world. This implies that for every action there is an equal and opposite reaction and similarly in the case of accounting practice there also exist a cause and effect relationship. Summary of the Article The author talks about the scientific research projects under which there are various events occurring in the world which are independent in nature. These may be random in nature or may be a result of various circumstances prevailing. The reasons for such events are also random in nature and the people with a normal mind set can easily have an idea of the events occurring by observing them carefully. The observation may not be 100% correct and may have many misconceptions. However, even these observations help in building a cause and effect relationship and in clearly mapping all the casual processes that are occurring in the world. This helps in identifying the cause and effect of various actions taking place in the world. He also discusses the views of the Greeks and the Sophists based on the enquiry they conducted on what the world is all about. He also talks about the well known story in which most of the theologians refused to look through Galileos telescope because they thought most of it was already known and the unexplored part had already been corrupted by the devil spirits. The author is of the view that such thinking process proves to be hurdle in making real advancements in the study about the world. Keeping our knowledge confined to what is already known and not keeping our minds open for the future research becomes a major setback in enhancement of our knowledge about various things. Practical Applicability The author then deals with some examples of positive research in the field of accounting like use of accounting information by the investors before making any investment decisions and also utilization of such information for the development of control systems. There are various stakeholders that are interested in the accounting results of various firms. These include the shareholders; creditors, debtors, suppliers, customers etc. and each one of them have their own personal interest in the accounting information. The author also makes it clear that the concept of positive research is much broader than the term Positive Accounting Theory as propounded by Watts and Zimmerman. He also discusses the concept of agency under which the human beings have free will and while exercising their will they may deviate from the objective behind the research and their behavior would then be located far above from the objectives which are intended behind the research. Our ancestors would not have bee n able to manage their social life along with gathering of food and the development of a settled life if they would have not behaved in the predictable ways. If that would not have been done in the past, we would not have been able to enjoy our lives in the way we do it today and it would have been filled with various difficulties. However, departing our behavior from the pre determined patterns is sometimes beneficial and helps in the discovery of new opportunities which can be utilized for further development. However, each opportunity has many risks associated with it and in a similar manner there are many threats and challenges associated with every new innovation and there are equal chances of failure. Thus, the human behavior varies from person to person and it changes in accordance with the needs of the situations. Criteria used for the Research Analysis The author prefers and explains the Poppers criterion for scientific research instead of using qualitative and quantitative methods for the collection of data as used by most other researchers. The process involves careful observation and then development of ideas on a preliminary basis. This helps in getting a thorough understanding of the various prospects involved with the research. The next step is development of a formal theory on the basis of various evidences available and testing the predictions on the basis of various situations After such an examination is to disregard the ones under which the theory as developed fails or is not operative. This concept is known as falsification of theory. The author also supports the falsification of theory by giving the examples of Pioneer 10 and 11 aircraft which were launched in the 1970s and these were the first among the manmade objects to cross our solar system and enter the interstellar space. But after so many years it has been disc overed that both these objects as travelling at a much slower speed in comparison to the speed predicted by the general relativity theory. The author also examines the weaknesses of statistical hypothesis testing including the problems associated with the technical assumptions on which the research is based. He also suggests that to overcome such limitations, the theories must be developed with sufficient details making each and every aspect very clear so as to arrive at specific predictions which are functional in nature. Suggestions by the Author The author also suggests the requirements for successful positive research program. The models that are developed for testing must be theoretical and should be designed seriously and not in a hurry. They should also be tested as accurately as possible and in case of failures, we should try to learn from them and should avoid the mistakes in the next turn. He explains the development of model through the example of audit fees model developed in another recent article. The author also suggests analytical modeling to be adopted as a specialized activity along with the theoretical modeling. There should be a focus on the measurement of concepts through precise methods rather than just testing as this area is generally ignored in the process of accounting research. Thus the concepts should be defined and measured through ways that are valid and reliable. He also gives the example of the invention of the periodic table by Mendeleev and says that there is always an acute shortage of raw dat a for the development of a good accounting theory. Even after many difficulties we all are very much thankful to Mendeleev for this contribution in the field of science. Also there should be continuous replication of the previous studies that are conducted. This may help in identification of sampling errors in case if any exists in the findings and also identification of the limitations of the previous findings. All this methods when adopted helps in overcoming the previous mistakes and performing better in further research operations. Significance and Limitations of the Article The survey by the author revealed that a wide gap existed between the way positive accounting technique is actually practiced in the real world situations and the way it should have been practiced so that it contributes the most for the intellectual program. There are various variations from the methods that should ideally have been adopted for the research process. The author thus concludes that the existing method of accounting research followed is not up to the mark to conduct the research proposals successfully and has also suggested various methods which can be implemented to conduct the quantitative positive researches more effectively and efficiently. Better theoretical models should be developed and they should be taken seriously. There is also requirement for better measurement so that the models are capable enough to be rigorously tested. He explains that positive accounting research techniques have a lot to offer towards understanding the human behavior much of which is quite unpredictable. The author is of the opinion that there is a need to develop various cause and effect relationships among the various variables in order to conduct the research in the most effective manner. The real world situations are required to be converted in the accounting terms so that these are better expressed in terms of accounting transactions and are capable of being better understood. He states that as currently positive research is practiced in accounting, it is not capable of achieving the scientific objectives. However, positive accounting research in the broader perspective can be considered to be a part of a wider intellectual project of scientific research which intends to clearly examine the cause and effect relationships between various variables. These variables are not constant and changes in accordance to the needs of the situations and the people. Conclusion The article is thus of much significance as it tries to bring out the various aspects of positive accounting research. The author does an examination of the various methods of research adopted by various scholars in this field and mentions the conclusions drawn by each one of them in their research. He also acknowledges the work of each and every scholar. He clearly states both the negative and positive aspects of each and every method that he mentions in his article. The author also identifies various limitations associated with various positive accounting researches and suggests various methods to overcome these limitations. The detailed explanation by the author of various concepts is of much importance for all those who are not very much familiar with the topic. The author has also included various real life examples in the article so as to make it much more practical and easy to understand. The findings of the research are very clear and are capable enough to be implemented in t he real life situations while undergoing various accounting researches. Thus, the article is a complete solution which can be referred while undertaking positive accounting researches. (Paul V Dunmore,2009). Bibliography Dunmore, Paul V, 2009, Half a Defence of Positive Accounting Research.

Albert Einstein, Developer of the Theory of Relativity

Albert Einstein, Developer of the Theory of Relativity Albert Einstein (March 14, 1879–April 18, 1955), a German-born theoretical physicist who lived during the 20th century, revolutionized scientific thought. Having developed the Theory of Relativity, Einstein opened the door for the development of atomic power and the creation of the atomic bomb. Einstein is best known for his 1905 general theory of relativity, Emc2, which posits that energy (E) equals mass (m) times the speed of light (c) squared. But his influence went far beyond that theory. Einsteins theories also changed thinking about how the planets revolve around the sun. For his scientific contributions, Einstein also won the 1921 Nobel Prize in physics. Einstein also was forced to Flee Nazi Germany after the rise of Adolf Hitler. Its no exaggeration to say that his theories indirectly helped lead the Allies to victory over the Axis powers in World War II, particularly the defeat of Japan. Fast Facts: Albert Einstein Known For: The General Theory of Relativity, Emc2, which led to the development of the atomic bomb and atomic power.Born: March 14, 1879 in Ulm,  Kingdom of Wà ¼rttemberg,  German EmpireParents: Hermann Einstein and Pauline KochDied: April 18, 1955 in Princeton, New JerseyEducation: Swiss Federal Polytechnic (1896–1900, B.A., 1900; University of Zurich, Ph.D., 1905)Published Works: On a Heuristic Point of View Concerning the Production and Transformation of Light, On the Electrodynamics of Moving Bodies, Does an Object’s Inertia Depend on Its Energy Content?Awards and Honors: Barnard Medal (1920), Nobel Prize in Physics (1921), Matteucci Medal (1921), Gold Medal of the Royal Astronomical Society (1926), Max Planck Medal (1929), Time Person of the Century (1999)Spouses: Mileva Marić (m. 1903–1919), Elsa Là ¶wenthal (m. 1919–1936)Children: Lieserl, Hans Albert Einstein, EduardNotable Quote: Try and penetrate with our limited means the secrets of na ture and you will find that, behind all the discernible concatenations, there remains something subtle, intangible and inexplicable. Early Life and Education Albert Einstein was born on March 14, 1879, in Ulm, Germany to Jewish parents, Hermann and Pauline Einstein. A year later, Hermann Einsteins business failed and he moved his family to Munich to start a new electric business with his brother Jakob. In Munich, Alberts sister Maja was born in 1881. Only two years apart in age, Albert adored his sister and they had a close relationship with each other their whole lives. Although Einstein is now considered the epitome of genius, in the first two decades of his life, many people thought Einstein was the exact opposite. Right after Einstein was born, relatives were concerned with Einsteins pointy head. Then, when Einstein didnt talk until he was 3 years old, his parents worried something was wrong with him. Einstein also failed to impress his teachers. From elementary school through college, his teachers and professors thought he was lazy, sloppy, and insubordinate. Many of his teachers thought he would never amount to anything. When Einstein was 15 years old, his fathers new business had failed and the Einstein family moved to Italy. At first, Albert remained behind in Germany to finish high school, but he was soon unhappy with that arrangement and left school to rejoin his family. Rather than finish high school, Einstein decided to apply directly to the prestigious Polytechnic Institute in Zurich, Switzerland. Although he failed the entrance exam on the first try, he spent a year studying at a local high school and retook the entrance exam in October 1896 and passed. Once at the Polytechnic, Einstein again did not like school. Believing that his professors only taught old science, Einstein would often skip class, preferring to stay home and read about the newest in scientific theory. When he did attend class, Einstein would often make it obvious that he found the class dull. Some last-minute studying allowed Einstein to graduate in 1900. However, once out of school, Einstein was unable to find a job because none of his teachers liked him enough to write him a recommendation letter. For nearly two years, Einstein worked at short-term jobs until a friend was able to help him get a job as a patent clerk at the Swiss Patent Office in Bern. Finally, with a job and some stability, Einstein was able to marry his college sweetheart, Mileva Maric, whom his parents strongly disapproved. The couple went on to have two sons: Hans Albert (born 1904) and Eduard (born 1910). Einstein the Patent Clerk For seven years, Einstein worked six days a week as a patent clerk. He was responsible for examining the blueprints of other peoples inventions and then determining whether they were feasible. If they were, Einstein had to ensure that no one else had already been given a patent for the same idea. Somehow, between his very busy work and family life, Einstein not only found time to earn a doctorate from the University of Zurich (awarded 1905) but found time to think. It was while working at the patent office that Einstein made his most influential discoveries. Influential Theories In 1905, while working at the patent office, Einstein wrote five scientific papers, which were all published in the Annalen der Physik (Annals of Physics, a major physics journal). Three of these were published together in September 1905. In one paper, Einstein theorized that light must not just travel in waves but existed as particles, which explained the photoelectric effect. Einstein himself described this particular theory as revolutionary. This was also the theory for which Einstein won the Nobel Prize in Physics in 1921. In another paper, Einstein tackled the mystery of why pollen never settled to the bottom of a glass of water but rather, kept moving (Brownian motion). By declaring that the pollen was being moved by water molecules, Einstein solved a longstanding, scientific mystery and proved the existence of molecules. His third paper described Einsteins Special Theory of Relativity, in which Einstein revealed that space and time are not absolutes. The only thing that is constant, Einstein stated, is the speed of light; the rest of space and time are all based on the position of the observer. Not only are space and time not absolutes, Einstein discovered that energy and mass, once thought completely distinct items, were actually interchangeable. In his Emc2  equation (Eenergy, mmass, and cspeed of light), Einstein created a simple formula to describe the relationship between energy and mass. This formula reveals that a very small amount of mass can be converted into a huge amount of energy, leading to the later invention of the atomic bomb. Einstein was only 26 years old when these articles were published and already he had done more for science than any individual since Sir Isaac Newton. Scientists Take Notice In 1909, four years after his theories were first published, Einstein was finally offered a teaching position. Einstein enjoyed being a teacher at the University of Zurich. He had found traditional schooling as he grew up extremely limiting and thus he wanted to be a different kind of teacher. Arriving at school unkempt, with hair uncombed and his clothes too baggy, Einstein soon became known as much for his appearance as his teaching style. As Einsteins fame within the scientific community grew, offers for new, better positions began to pour in. Within only a few years, Einstein worked at the University of Zurich (Switzerland), then the German University in Prague (Czech Republic), and then went back to Zurich for the Polytechnic Institute. The frequent moves, the numerous conferences that Einstein attended, and preoccupation of Einstein with science left Mileva (Einsteins wife) feeling both neglected and lonely. When Einstein was offered a professorship at the University of Berlin in 1913, she didnt want to go. Einstein accepted the position anyway. Not long after arriving in Berlin, Mileva and Albert separated. Realizing the marriage could not be salvaged, Mileva took the kids back to Zurich. They officially divorced in 1919. Achieves Worldwide Fame During  World War I, Einstein stayed in Berlin and worked diligently on new theories. He worked like a man obsessed. With Mileva gone, he often forgot to eat and sleep. In 1917, the stress eventually took its toll and he collapsed. Diagnosed with gallstones, Einstein was told to rest. During his recuperation, Einsteins cousin Elsa helped nurse him back to health. The two became very close and when Alberts divorce was finalized, Albert and Elsa married. It was during this time that Einstein revealed his General Theory of Relativity, which considered the effects of acceleration and gravity on time and space. If Einsteins theory was correct, then the gravity of the sun would bend light from stars. In 1919, Einsteins General Theory of Relativity could be tested during a solar eclipse. In May 1919, two British astronomers (Arthur Eddington and Sir Frances Dyson) were able to put together an expedition that observed the  solar eclipse  and documented the bent light. In November 1919, their findings were announced publicly. After having suffered monumental bloodshed during World War I, people around the world were craving news that went beyond their countrys borders. Einstein became a worldwide celebrity overnight. It wasnt just his revolutionary theories; it was Einsteins general persona that appealed to the masses. Einsteins disheveled hair, poorly fitting clothes, doe-like eyes, and witty charm endeared him to the average person. He was a genius, but he was an approachable one. Instantly famous, Einstein was hounded by reporters and photographers wherever he went. He was given honorary degrees and asked to visit countries around the world. Albert and Elsa took trips to the United States, Japan, Palestine (now Israel), South America, and throughout Europe. Becomes an Enemy of the State Although Einstein spent the 1920s traveling and making special appearances, these took away from the time he could work on his scientific theories. By the early 1930s, finding time for science wasnt his only problem. The political climate in Germany was changing drastically. When  Adolf Hitler  took power in 1933, Einstein was luckily visiting the United States (he never returned to Germany). The Nazis promptly declared Einstein an enemy of the state, ransacked his house, and burned his books. As death threats began, Einstein finalized his plans to take a position at the Institute for Advanced Study at Princeton, New Jersey. He arrived at Princeton on Oct. 17, 1933. Einstein suffered a personal loss when Elsa died on Dec. 20, 1936. Three years later, Einsteins sister Maja fled from  Mussolinis Italy  and came to live with Einstein in Princeton. She stayed until her death in 1951. Until the Nazis took power in Germany, Einstein had been a devoted pacifist for his entire life. However, with the harrowing tales coming out of Nazi-occupied Europe, Einstein reevaluated his pacifist ideals. In the case of the Nazis, Einstein realized they needed to be stopped, even if that meant using military might to do so. The Atomic Bomb In July 1939, scientists  Leo Szilard  and Eugene Wigner visited Einstein to discuss the possibility that Germany was working on building an atomic bomb. The ramifications of Germany building such a destructive weapon prompted Einstein to write a letter to  President Franklin D. Roosevelt  to warn him about this potentially massive weapon. In response, Roosevelt established the  Manhattan Project, a collection of U.S. scientists urged to beat Germany to the construction of a working atomic bomb. Even though Einsteins letter prompted the Manhattan Project, Einstein himself never worked on constructing the atomic bomb. Later Years and Death From 1922 until the end of his life, Einstein worked on finding a unified field theory. Believing that God does not play dice, Einstein searched for a single, unified theory that could combine all the fundamental forces of physics between elementary particles. Einstein never found it. In the years after World War II, Einstein advocated for a world government and for civil rights. In 1952, after the death of Israels first President Chaim Weizmann, Einstein was offered the presidency of Israel. Realizing that he was not good at politics and too aged to start something new, Einstein declined the offer. On April 12, 1955, Einstein collapsed at his home. Just six days later, on April 18, 1955, Einstein died when the aneurysm he had been living with for several years finally burst. He was 76 years old. Resources and Further Reading â€Å"The Year Of Albert Einstein.†Ã‚  Smithsonian.com, Smithsonian Institution, 1 June 2005.â€Å"Albert Einstein.†Ã‚  Biography.com, AE Networks Television, 14 Feb. 2019.Kuepper, Hans-Josef. â€Å"The Collected Papers of Albert Einstein.†Ã‚  Albert Einstein - Honours, Prizes and Awards.

Timeline of the Ancient Maya

Timeline of the Ancient Maya The Maya were an advanced Mesoamerican civilization living in present-day southern Mexico, Guatemala, Belize, and northern Honduras. Unlike the Inca or the Aztecs, the Maya were not one unified empire, but rather a series of powerful city-states that often allied with or warred upon one another. Maya civilization peaked around 800 A.D. or so before falling into decline. By the time of the Spanish conquest in the sixteenth century, the Maya were rebuilding, with powerful city-states rising once again, but the Spanish defeated them. The descendants of the Maya still live in the region and many of them continue to practice cultural traditions such as language, dress, cuisine, and religion. The Maya Preclassic Period (1800–300 BCE) People first arrived in Mexico and Central America millennia ago, living as hunter-gatherers in the rain forests and volcanic hills of the region. They first began developing cultural characteristics associated with the Maya civilization around 1800 BCE on Guatemalas western coast. By 1000 BCE the Maya had spread throughout the lowland forests of southern Mexico, Guatemala, Belize, and Honduras. The Maya of the Preclassic period lived in small villages in basic homes and dedicated themselves to subsistence agriculture. The major cities of the Maya, such as Palenque, Tikal, and Copn, were established during this time and began to prosper. Basic trade was developed, linking the city-states and facilitating cultural exchange. The Late Preclassic Period (300 BCE–300 CE) The late Maya Preclassic Period lasted roughly from 300 B.C. to 300 A.D. and is marked by developments in Maya culture. Great temples were constructed: their facades were decorated with stucco sculptures and paint. Long-distance trade flourished, particularly for luxury items such as jade and obsidian. Royal tombs dating from this time are more elaborate than those from the early and middle Preclassic periods and often contained offerings and treasures. The Early Classic Period (300 CE–600 CE) The Classic Period is considered to have begun when the Maya began carving ornate, beautiful stelae (stylized statues of leaders and rulers) with dates given in the Maya long count calendar. The earliest date on a Maya stela is 292 CE (at Tikal) and the latest is 909 CE (at Tonina). During the early Classic Period (300–600 CE), the Maya continued developing many of their most important intellectual pursuits, such as astronomy, mathematics, and architecture. During this time, the city of Teotihuacn, located near Mexico City, exerted a great influence on the Maya city-states, as is shown by the presence of pottery and architecture done in the Teotihuacn style. The Late Classic Period (600–900) The Maya late Classic Period marks the high point of Maya culture. Powerful city-states like Tikal and Calakmul dominated the regions around them and art, culture and religion reached their peaks. The city-states warred, allied with, and traded with one another. There may have been as many as 80 Maya city-states during this time. The cities were ruled by an elite ruling class and priests who claimed to be directly descended from the Sin, Moon, stars, and planets. The cities held more people than they could support, so trade for food, as well as luxury items, was brisk. The ceremonial ball game was a feature of all Maya cities. The Postclassic Period (800–1546) Between 800 and 900 A.D., the major cities in the southern Maya region all fell into decline and were mostly or completely abandoned. There are several theories as to why this occurred: historians tend to believe that it was excessive warfare, overpopulation, an ecological disaster or a combination of these factors that brought down the Maya civilization. In the north, however, cities like Uxmal and Chichen Itza prospered and developed. War was still a persistent problem: many of the Maya cities from this time were fortified. Sacbes, or Maya highways, were constructed and maintained, indicating that trade continued to be important. Maya culture continued: all four of the surviving Maya codices were produced during the Postclassic period. The Spanish Conquest (ca. 1546) By the time the Aztec Empire rose in Central Mexico, the Maya were rebuilding their civilization. The city of Mayapan in Yucatn became an important city, and cities and settlements on the eastern coast of the Yucatn prospered. In Guatemala, ethnic groups such as the Quichà © and Cachiquels once again built cities and engaged in trade and warfare. These groups came under the control of the Aztecs as a sort of vassal states. When Hernn Cortes conquered the Aztec Empire in 1521, he learned of the existence of these powerful cultures to the far south and he sent his most ruthless lieutenant, Pedro de Alvarado, to investigate and conquer them. Alvarado did so, subduing one city-state after another, playing on regional rivalries just as Cortes had done. At the same time, European diseases such as measles and smallpox decimated the Maya population. Colonial and Republican Eras The Spanish essentially enslaved the Maya, dividing their lands up among the conquistadors and bureaucrats who came to rule in the Americas. The Maya suffered greatly in spite of the efforts of some enlightened men like Bartolomà © de Las Casas who argued for their rights in Spanish courts. The native people of southern Mexico and northern Central America were reluctant subjects of the Spanish Empire and bloody rebellions were common. With Independence coming in the early nineteenth century, the situation of the average indigenous native of the region changed little. They were still repressed and still chafed at it: when the Mexican-American War broke out (1846–1848) ethnic Maya in Yucatn took up arms, kicking off the bloody Caste War of Yucatan in which hundreds of thousands were killed. The Maya Today Today, the descendants of the Maya still live in southern Mexico, Guatemala, Belize, and northern Honduras. Many continue to hold to their traditions, such as speaking their native languages, wearing traditional clothes and practicing indigenous forms of the religion. In recent years, they have won more freedoms, such as the right to practice their religion openly. They are also learning to cash in on their culture, selling handicrafts at native markets and promoting tourism to their regions: with this newfound wealth from tourism is coming political power. The most famous Maya today is probably the Quichà © Indian Rigoberta Menchà º, winner of the 1992 Nobel Peace Prize. She is a well-known activist for native rights and occasional presidential candidate in her native Guatemala. Interest in Maya culture was at an all-time high in 2010, as the Maya calendar was set to reset in 2012, prompting many to speculate about the end of the world. Sources Aldana y Villalobos, Gerardo and Edwin L. Barnhart (eds.) Archaeoastronomy and the Maya. Eds. Oxford: Oxbow Books, 2014. Martin, Simon, and Nicolai Grube. Chronicle of the Maya Kings and Queens: Deciphering the Dynasties of the Ancient Maya. London: Thames and Hudson, 2008. McKillop, Heather. The Ancient Maya: New Perspectives. Reprint edition, W. W. Norton Company, July 17, 2006. Sharer, Robert J. The Ancient Maya. 6th ed. Stanford, California: Stanford University Press, 2006.

Text messaging to personal conversation Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Text messaging to personal conversation - Essay Example Obviously, it does make an ample difference to get in touch in a conservative manner of having to appoint time to see the other party over the modern option of considering a couple of key punches to transmit message of intent for quick access to info in return no matter how considerable the distance on both ends could get. Why indeed would a side of growing population opt for the habit of text messaging more than conversing on a personal level? Based upon experience, it is often observed that text messaging to some extent creates the equivalent of getting one to be in two dimensions at the same time. Besides saving time of travel and efforts associated with it on seeing someone in person, one could be spared of the hassle of being confronted with awkward issues the person may feel reluctant to readily address. Since plain texts are all that an individual receives on one side, he might find it very likely to give benefit of the doubt to the other whose picture of the situation is only perceived in part. The texting party also gains the advantage of editing text content according to the impression he would like his textmate to have or adjust with. So he is likewise able to free himself of regrets at erring with certain words he would later suppose should have been held back or given further thought. On considering the personal mode of communication when two persons gather in a setting instead of necessitating to confine dialogues within standardized communication protocols, it becomes conducive to exchange ideas. With personal conversation, there comes ease of comprehending details because people are involved with depth and sense of continuity as they instantly track stimuli which to respond to from each one. Whether a response is appropriate or favorable may be detected through the person’s manner of talking, tone, facial expressions, and other gestures from which to completely interpret utterances and behavior

Troubling Short and Long-Term Violent Media Effects on Children Essay

Troubling Short and Long-Term Violent Media Effects on Children - Essay Example The two articles provide compelling evidence that violent media has significant short-term and long-term effects on children’s development of aggressive thoughts, emotions, and actions, regardless of gender, socioeconomic status, intelligence, and parenting styles and characteristics. The two articles are similar in examining the effects of violent media on children. Anderson and Bushman conducted a meta-analysis on studies that investigated the impacts of playing video games on aggression, physiological arousal, or prosocial behaviour. They wanted to know if playing violent media is connected to aggressive thoughts, emotions, or actions, or all of the above, and what the underlying mechanisms are for these connections. Huesmann et al. also studied the effect of violent media on children, particularly how watching violent TV in childhood affected later young adult aggression. They conducted a follow-up study of the 1977 longitudinal study that the authors did on 557 children w ho lived in Chicago. They considered other factors too that can explain the media-behaviour relationship, including preference for violence and third variables. These two articles are both interested in studying the effects of media violence on children’s aggression levels. Though these studies share similar general research topics on violent media effects on children, the two articles are different in their research designs because Anderson and Bushman used a meta-analysis design, while Huesmann et al. continued their longitudinal study.

Good to Great - by Jim Collins Essay Example for Free

Good to Great by Jim Collins Essay I found my reading of Good To Great by Jim Collins very informative and even entertaining. It is interesting to me his concepts and perceptions and how although when you read them they seem rather elementary and obvious, Mr. Collins is indeed an outside the box thinker/writer and it is because of his ease of explaining his concepts that the message simply comes across as easy. The main idea that is presented in this book is that â€Å"Good is the Enemy of Great. † At first glance I had to re-read the statement to make sure I understood it correctly. My immediate response was to understand it as all too often people, and business decision makers, have a simple goal of being good at what they do. Mr. Collins and his research team were able to whittle that idea down to a handful of concepts that although many have the perception are good, but don’t clarify their exact goals of greatness. The first concept of Good To Great was Level 5 Leadership. Companies may have great product, great sales, great marketing, etc. but what makes them better than Good? What makes takes them to the Great level? Their Leadership. During the research of this book Mr.  Collins and his team identified multiple characteristics these leaders had that lead their company above and beyond just the Good status. Of these the common factor I understood was that of humility and giving credit to his surrounding personnel. Keeping the focus off of â€Å"look what I did† but rather keeping the focus off them, but at the same time taking responsibility for the mistakes of the company as a whole that they were in charge of looking after. These personalities also showed a great level of commitment and loyalty to their companies and tended to have been promoted from within. Thus having a firm understanding of the culture of the company and knowing a long term goal of the company. Secondly the book introduced the concept of â€Å"First Who, Then What†. I related this concept to the phrase â€Å"Trimming The Fat†. Great leaders realize that if you’re only as good as your support, than you better get the right support in the right places. The Level 5 Leader would have to find those that could lead as well. If you have the right thinkers and decision makers in the right positions, then the â€Å"what† could be figured out. By having the right decision makers from the get go then the goal was already on its way to Great. By doing so you are training your supports to eventually be capable to take your place and instilling a long term succession of the company’s goals for great. The next concept given was Confront the Brutal Facts With Unwavering Faith. Expanding on having placed the right â€Å"Who† where it was most beneficial, it is equally important to stay focused no matter the difficult time. The chapter focused on sticking to your guns, having faith in your company, and seeing the obstacle though. This again focused on loyalty to the company. As time goes on and the tough time regains it’s momentum back into the right direction, Problem solving starts with asking the right questions. It’s more proactive to take control of our future than being reactive and leaving the destiny up to chance. Companies that were able to make it through the ups and downs of success on their way to Great. Another aspect was for these decision makers to be honest with them and be willing a capable of confronting the hard questions that perhaps they didn’t want the answer to. But, faced the brutal facts head on. Fourth is the â€Å"Hedgehog Concept†. This was probably my favorite concept and I think will be the most important lesson I will take and use in my career path. The comparison was stated, â€Å"The fox knows many things, but the hedgehog knows one big thing†. I think all too often it gets confused that if you’re in charge and making decisions you have to be the most knowledgeable person in that area. Remember though, especially in the totality of the emphasis of this book, you are not alone. In the chapter, Mr. Collins worded his idea this way, â€Å"The Hedgehog Concept is a turning point in the journey from good to great. It typically takes the right people willing to address the brutal facts over an extended period of time to get to the deep understanding of a Hedgehog Concept. What a great statement. It shows the level of determination, loyalty, and staying focused that you realize your true One thing. Then you expand on that One thing. It will set you apart from the field and past the Good threshold into the level of Great! â€Å"Culture of Discipline† was the next concept. One again focusing on hard work and staying focused on your goal of surpassing into the Great realm and not just staying there but forever raising the bar. Mr. Collins focused on the idea the in this sense discipline as a system. It involves the company in it’s entirety and making sure the companies â€Å"culture is filled with people committed to discipline in keeping to the standards. Each of these concepts builds on the one before it and this one is no different. Staying true to his â€Å"Hedgehog Concept† Mr. Collins also introduces his â€Å"Three Circles† concept. By focusing on keeping a Discipline in the company, it will help keep those involved with their eye on the prize of being able to find that one thing to be great at and to stay on top. Technology Accelerator was the idea to not let technology become a crutch of sorts. Technology is like any other tool and if used properly it will assist you in your success and getting here faster or with ease. Again, building on the concept before it also emphasizes to stay with your Hedgehog circles and keeping focused on them. Technology will not make you the best or most disciplined. It is a tool and should be used to accelerate your momentum into the right direction of your company’s goals, not be the creator of the momentum. Lastly â€Å"Flywheel and Doom Loop† was used to follow up. It’s a focus on being able to identify any and all aspects that take you away from the previous concepts. You should always be looking for ways to improve and stay ahead of the pack. The world of business is ever changing which keeps the bar separating Good from Great ever moving as well. Complacency is a â€Å"Good† trait. Having a system of check and balance working together with a cleaning house mentality will help to keep your company above that bar.

The Possibility of Justice for All Essay -- Justice Fair Society Essay

The Possibility of Justice for All Works Cited Not Included Can there be justice for all? To answer this question I must first define what justice is. Justice is ?the quality of being just, impartial or fair? in your dealings with others according to Merriam Webster?s Collegiate Dictionary. Keeping that definition in mind, I now must turn to the Voices of Wisdom in order to find an example of a situation in which all parties feel that they are being treated justly. After examining examples such as: Euthanasia, discrimination based on sexual orientation, and equal opportunity offered within the book, it becomes clear to me that there is in fact no possible way for there to be justice for all because everyone?s judgement is in some way or another clouded by their own self interests. Euthanasia, people can decide exactly how they want to live but should we as a society allow them the right to decide exactly how they want to die? On the one hand you have the question ?is it just to kill someone or allow them to die when help is available The obvious answer is no of course not. This is a prime example of why there can be no justice for all, because on the other hand you have the question ?is it fair to force someone to live through unbearable pain in anticipation of an agonizing death The obvious answer to that question is also no. This is where our self-interests come into play. It is in the patient?s own self interests to die because it will ease her pain, but is not in mine to alleviate her of her life ?because death is final and irreversible?, and because ?euthanasia contains within it the possibility that [I] will work against [my] own interest if [I] practice it or allow it to be practiced on [others].? (J. G... ...o that principle affirmative action should be considered just in relationship to minorities. As a result, because equal opportunity legislation is not in accordance with the best self-interests of most white males but it is in accordance with those of most minorities, this is another example of a situation in which injustice is inevitable. After closely examining these three specific situations in which injustice?because of our natural tendency to look after our own best self-interests?is certain, it can be concluded that it is hopeless to try to attain such an idea as a society that is just for all. Because these perpetually unjust situations such as euthanasia, discrimination based on sexual preference, ideas like affirmative action or situations similar to these will most likely permanently exist, a society in which there is justice for all is unreachable.

Early Birds vs. Night Owls

Early Birds vs. Night Owls People today are leading two different lifestyles. Some of them are living an early bird style while others are living a night owl style. An early bird is a person who always gets up early in the morning, sets out for work early and strictly organize his/her time schedules. In contrast, a night owl is a person who always stays up late into the night, enjoys the exciting and colorful night life of the city, or works extremely hard late at night.To illustrate the existing differences and similarities, we will take a look at the perceptions of life value, and the divisions between these two life patterns in the following text. Their differences and similarities are of equal importance in our discussions. Early birds and night owls have different perceptions in their life attitudes toward their time-spending value, health concepts and everyday habits. They have different viewpoints of how time should be spent. Early birds who strictly follow the cycle of their biological clocks, believe no extravagance in spending time uncontrolledly in night-time entertainment.They obviously observe the rule of the Earth orbit, rising with the sun and resting during the night. For them, time should be treasured, and it can never be wasted in indulgence. However, night owls hold a different perception. They believe that time can never be exhausted especially the night time. They are more active and energetic after the sun is set. For them, indulgence in life is of better value than time itself, which seems endless. Meanwhile, they believe in different health concepts. Early birds favor the principle of healthy habits and a healthy life.They consider the form of â€Å"early to bed, early to rise† as a normal and healthy way of living. On the contrary, night owls discard the traditional health concept of obeying the biological clock. They are less concerned about health problems that might be brought up by being a night owl. Consequently, they will a lways feel drowsy, and in a long run, it will cause permanent damages to their livers in lack of adequate sleep. As a result of these different perceptions, early birds and night owls are different in their habits of life. Early birds abiding by organized life pattern are leading a more regular life than night owls.They keep to the clock in their arrangements of daily matters and seldom break their rules of a stable timetable. In contrast, night-owl style practitioners care less about routines. They entertain themselves or work hard during night time and would rather take a recovery by sleeping during the day. Although there are some differences in the respective viewpoints of early birds and night owls concerning life value, they have one thing in common: They treasure their chances in life. Early birds like to be punctual in their work and their lives. They manage their orbits by working hard and obeying the rules.In comparison, night owls would not miss their opportunities in the night time. They work hard while playing hard at the same time. In a word, different perceptions of value determine the lifestyle a person may choose – an early bird or a night owl. Ages and professions are also the factors to determine the lifestyles. As for their ages, early birds tend to be older while night owls tend to be younger. Early birds are mostly grown-up people, who are more mature and financially independent in choosing when to work and when to rest than the younger night owls.Contrastingly, younger night owls have not been burdened with too many social responsibilities. They are not psychologically mature enough to be obedient to the rules of day and night. So they fall easily to the attractions of night life. Sometimes, a person’s occupation also determines his or her choice of life patterns. Early birds are normally those with regular working hours. They are managers, accountants, lawyers, teachers and so on, who are always on day-time duty. In contra st, night owls are normally working with night shifts. They are factory workers, bar tenders, club managers and so on.However, as society advances, the distinctions between ages and professions in this respect are blurred as night life attracts more and more people in the city, youth or grown-up. People tend to work more hours at night or go out to pubs or night clubs to have a drink, to get acquainted with some new friends and to chat and relax. Early birds and night owls are somehow the same to some people who are active both day and night. The consequences of being an early bird or a night owl differ in respect of personal health and social effects. In a long-term point of view, an early bird can enjoy better health than a night owl.By sleeping early and getting up early, an early bird can always maintain a healthy body. A healthy body can be the source of a healthy mind. A night owl, however, may face the consequence that in a long run, staying up too late every night will damag e his or her good health. Meanwhile, an early bird can obey the rules while a night owl may not. Daylight shows everything delightful while darkness at night may arouse some undesired passion of mankind. In our social life, we can see some unwanted side-effects of night owls, such as severe alcohol drinking or drug taking.Consequently, an early bird style, in a long-term value, is more recommendable than a night owl style. In conclusion, an early bird and a night owl possess different life values and habits. Ages or occupations are sometimes the factors to determine a person’s choice of being an early bird or a night owl. Both of their choices may have effects on their health and on the society. Today, some people would agree with the old saying, â€Å"the early bird gets the worms† while the others would be in favor of â€Å"the night owl gets the rats†. Simply put, people should cherish the days and nights, either being an early bird or a night owl.

African-American Organizations of the Progressive Era